The British-Indian government made some changes to it in 1872. It was published in a book named Guide to the Orthography of Indian Proper Names from Kolkata in 1871. The Hunterean scheme, as it is known, is said to have been fully worked out in the 1860s. The first vowel ‘a’ would drop out if it was not pronounced, unlike the case of scholarly transliteration in which every ‘a’, pronounced or dropped, would be written in Roman letters. The scheme says that ‘jña’ should be ‘gya’ as in ‘gyan’, knowledge, and ‘ksha’ as in ‘pariksha’ (examination) could also be written with ‘x’. The consonant section runs like - ka, kha, ga, gha, na, cha, chha, ja, jha, na, ta, tha, da, dha, na, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, wa (in Bangla writing, this is realised as the other ‘ba’ but is used with a different value in conjunct consonant formation), sha, sha, sa, ha, ra, rha, ya, m or n, h and n.

The vowel section, thus, stands like - a, á, i, í, u, ú, ri, e, ai, o and au. Similarly, long ‘i’ and long ‘u’ have the acute accent to flag a difference from short ‘i’ and short ‘u’. The book says that ‘á’ is for the second letter of the Bangla vowels while ‘a’ is for the first letter. William Wilson Hunter, the surveyor general of India, in the third edition, published in 1875, of his work, A Manual of Surveying for India, gives an explanation to the correspondence of the Roman with Bangla letters. The biggest advantage of the scheme that is widely in use in the Bangladesh-India-Pakistan subcontinent is that it uses Roman letters without any diacritical marks - no bars over vowels to indicate their length, no dots under consonants to distinguish retroflex from dental letters, no marks on the enn (n) to signify the end-letters of the first four consonant pentads or rows of five consonants, no marks on the ess (s) to different three esses that Bangla writing system has and no mark to distinguish one ‘ya’ from the other. THE way Bangla words - names of individuals, places, organisations, and anything - are spelt in Roman letters is in keeping with a scheme known as the Hunterean system.

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Bangla alphabet english